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Kenneth Aldred Spencer (January 25, 1902 – February 19, 1960) was a Kansas coal mine owner who transformed a government surplus factory into the world's biggest ammonium nitrate producer. Money from his and his wife's estate was donated to philanthropies throughout the Kansas City, Missouri area. He was born in Columbus, Kansas but grew up in Pittsburg, Kansas. Spencer graduated from the University of Kansas in 1926 and went into his father's business of Pittsburg & Midway Coal Company in Pittsburg, Kansas. In 1941 the War Department contacted him about operating a weapons-grade ammonia nitrate plant in Galena, Kansas that would become the Jayhawk Ordnance Works. He would say later: :They wanted us to build and operate a big basic chemical plant. I didn't know about operating such a plant, but they told us anyone who could operate an electric shovel, move 30 or 40 feet of overburden to get an 18-inch seam of coal, and make it pay, could operate anything. He set up the Military Chemical Works, Inc. as a subsidiary of Pittsburg & Midway with himself as President and built the plant by 1943 with it producing 14,500 tons a month.〔(Jayhawk Goes Civilian - Time Magazine - June 17, 1946 )〕 U.S. ordnance facilities were placed in the mid-U.S. during World War II. Other plants to be built and owned by others included the Kansas Ordnance Plant at Parsons, Kansas, the Sunflower Ordnance Plant at DeSoto, Kansas, the Ozark Ordnance Plant at El Dorado, Arkansas.〔(Historical Awards Recipient - 1995 - emporia.edu )〕 After the war with help from J.H. Whitney & Company he entered into a lease with an option to buy (which he did in 1951) the plant to use the ammonia nitrate as fertilizer under the new name of Spencer Chemical. He succeeded his father as head of the Pittsburg and Midway. It was so successful that he was able to endow a foundation by 1949. Spencer would also buy plants in Calumet City, Illinois, Henderson, Kentucky, Vicksburg, Mississippi, Fort Worth, Texas and Orange, Texas.〔http://cas.umkc.edu/chem/kcacs/spencer/AwardLogistics/history.html〕 Spencer was one of the nine original founders of MRIGlobal (formerly Midwest Research Institute) in 1944. Its first mission was finding peaceful uses of ammonium nitrate.〔http://www.mriglobal.org/Documents/Brochures/History%20Brochure.pdf〕 He would be chairman of the Board of Trustees from 1954 to 1957.〔http://ead.diglib.ku.edu/xml/ksrl.kc.spencerkenneth.html〕 Spencer also donated money for the Kenneth A. Spencer Laboratories Building and the Spencer Auditorium at MRIGlobal. ==Helen Foresman Spencer== Helen Elizabeth Foresman (November 8, 1902 – February 15, 1982) was born in Joplin, Missouri and grew up in Amarillo, Texas and spent high school in Pittsburg, Kansas where she married Kenneth Spencer on January 6, 1927. They moved to Kansas City, Missouri in 1940. Following the success of the Spencer Chemical Company, they formed the Spencer Foundation in 1949. When Kenneth died in 1960, she liquidated the companies selling Spencer to Gulf Oil, but She kept their various Oil & Gas lease in Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas. In 1972 she decide to finally sell the Oil & Gas an Employee Rex D Archer that Kenneth hired in 1955 to find these leases. Loyalty was and is a Spencer trait and then oversaw the Kenneth A. and Helen F. Spencer Foundation until her death in 1982.〔(Guide to the Helen Foresmen Spencer Collection - ku.edu )〕 The Spencer Chemical Corporation name disappeared with the new owners. The Pittsburg and Midway company continued to operate under that name under its eventual owner Chevron although no longer mining in Kansas. That company name was abolished in 2007 when Chevron formally consolidated its mining operations under the Chevron Mining name.〔(Chevron executive bullish on growth of coal industry - Denver Business Journal - November 16, 2007 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kenneth A. Spencer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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